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< div class = "titlepage" > < div > < div > < h2 class = "title" style = "clear: both" >
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< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial" > < / a > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html" title = "One minute tutorial" > One minute tutorial< / a >
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< / h2 > < / div > < / div > < / div >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h0" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.what_is_a_bimap_" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.what_is_a_bimap_" > What
is a bimap?< / a >
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< / h4 >
< p >
A Bimap is a data structure that represents bidirectional relations between
elements of two collections. The container is designed to work as two opposed
STL maps. A bimap between a collection < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < / code >
and a collection < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < / code > can be viewed
as a map from < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < / code > to < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < / code > (this view will be called the < span class = "emphasis" > < em > left
map view< / em > < / span > ) or as a map from < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < / code >
to < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < / code > (known as the < span class = "emphasis" > < em > right
map view< / em > < / span > ). Additionally, the bimap can also be viewed as a set of
relations between < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < / code > and < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < / code > (named the < span class = "emphasis" > < em > collection of relations
view< / em > < / span > ).
< / p >
< p >
The following code creates an empty bimap container:
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "keyword" > typedef< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< / pre >
< p >
Given this code, the following is the complete description of the resulting
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bimap. < a href = "#ftn.boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.f0" class = "footnote" > < sup class = "footnote" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.f0" > < / a > [1]< / sup > < / a >
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< / p >
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< div class = "itemizedlist" > < ul class = "itemizedlist" style = "list-style-type: disc; " >
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< li class = "listitem" >
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< code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < / code > is signature-compatible with < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code >
< / li >
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< li class = "listitem" >
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< code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < / code > is signature-compatible with < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code >
< / li >
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< li class = "listitem" >
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< code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < / code > is signature-compatible
with < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > set< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > relation< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code >
< / li >
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< / ul > < / div >
< p >
< span class = "inlinemediaobject" > < img src = "../images/bimap/simple.bimap.png" alt = "simple.bimap" > < / span >
< / p >
< p >
You can see how a bimap container offers three views over the same collection
of bidirectional relations.
< / p >
< p >
If we have any generic function that work with maps
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "keyword" > template< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "keyword" > class< / span > < span class = "identifier" > MapType< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span >
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< span class = "keyword" > void< / span > < span class = "identifier" > print_map< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "keyword" > const< / span > < span class = "identifier" > MapType< / span > < span class = "special" > & < / span > < span class = "identifier" > m< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > {< / span >
< span class = "keyword" > typedef< / span > < span class = "keyword" > typename< / span > < span class = "identifier" > MapType< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > const_iterator< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "keyword" > for< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > m< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > begin< / span > < span class = "special" > (),< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iend< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > m< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > end< / span > < span class = "special" > ();< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > !=< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iend< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span > < span class = "special" > ++< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > {< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > first< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > "--> "< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > second< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "special" > }< / span >
< span class = "special" > }< / span >
< / pre >
< p >
We can use the < span class = "emphasis" > < em > left map view< / em > < / span > and the < span class = "emphasis" > < em > right map
view< / em > < / span > with it
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "identifier" > bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > string< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "special" > ...< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > print_map< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > print_map< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< / pre >
< p >
And the output will be
< / p >
< pre class = "programlisting" > < code class = "literal" > 1 --> one< / code >
< code class = "literal" > 2 --> two< / code >
...
< code class = "literal" > one --> 1< / code >
< code class = "literal" > two --> 2< / code >
...
< / pre >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h1" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.layout_of_the_relation_and_the_pairs_of_a_bimap" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.layout_of_the_relation_and_the_pairs_of_a_bimap" > Layout
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of the relation and the pairs of a bimap< / a >
< / h4 >
< p >
The < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > relation< / span > < / code > class represents
two related elements. The two values are named left and right to express the
symmetry of this type. The bimap pair classes are signature-compatible with
< code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > pairs< / span > < / code > .
< / p >
< p >
< span class = "inlinemediaobject" > < img src = "../images/bimap/relation.and.pair.png" alt = "relation.and.pair" > < / span >
< / p >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h2" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.step_by_step" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.step_by_step" > Step
by step< / a >
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< / h4 >
< p >
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A convenience header is available in the boost directory:
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< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "preprocessor" > #include< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > boost< / span > < span class = "special" > /< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > hpp< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span >
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< / pre >
< p >
Lets define a bidirectional map between integers and strings:
< / p >
< p >
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "keyword" > typedef< / span > < span class = "identifier" > boost< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > string< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< / pre >
< p >
< / p >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h3" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.the_collection_of_relations_view" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.the_collection_of_relations_view" > The
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collection of relations view< / a >
< / h4 >
< p >
Remember that < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < / code > alone can
be used as a set of relations. We can insert elements or iterate over them
using this view.
< / p >
< p >
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "one"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 2< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "two"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > "There are "< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > size< / span > < span class = "special" > ()< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > "relations"< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "keyword" > for< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > begin< / span > < span class = "special" > (),< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iend< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > end< / span > < span class = "special" > ();< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > !=< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iend< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span > < span class = "special" > ++< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > {< / span >
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< span class = "comment" > // iter-> left : data : int< / span >
< span class = "comment" > // iter-> right : data : std::string< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > " < --> "< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > iter< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "special" > }< / span >
< / pre >
< p >
< / p >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h4" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.the_left_map_view" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.the_left_map_view" > The
left map view< / a >
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< / h4 >
< p >
< code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < / code > works like a < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span >
< span class = "keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > string< / span >
< span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code > . We use it in the same way we will
use a standard map.
< / p >
< p >
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < a class = "co" name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c0" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c1" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/callouts/1.png" alt = "1" border = "0" > < / a > < span class = "keyword" > typedef< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_map< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_const_iterator< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "keyword" > for< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > begin< / span > < span class = "special" > (),< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iend< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > end< / span > < span class = "special" > ();< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > left_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > !=< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iend< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span > < span class = "special" > ++< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > {< / span >
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< span class = "comment" > // left_iter-> first : key : int< / span >
< span class = "comment" > // left_iter-> second : data : std::string< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > first< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > " --> "< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > second< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "special" > }< / span >
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< a class = "co" name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c2" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c3" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/callouts/2.png" alt = "2" border = "0" > < / a > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > find< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 2< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > assert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > second< / span > < span class = "special" > ==< / span > < span class = "string" > "two"< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
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< a class = "co" name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c4" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c5" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/callouts/3.png" alt = "3" border = "0" > < / a > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 3< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "three"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
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< / pre >
< p >
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< / p >
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< div class = "calloutlist" > < table border = "0" summary = "Callout list" >
< tr >
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< td width = "5%" valign = "top" align = "left" > < p > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c1" > < / a > < a href = "#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c0" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/callouts/1.png" alt = "1" border = "0" > < / a > < / p > < / td >
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< td valign = "top" align = "left" > < p >
The type of < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < / code > is < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_map< / span > < / code >
and the type of < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < / code > is < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right_map< / span > < / code >
< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
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< td width = "5%" valign = "top" align = "left" > < p > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c3" > < / a > < a href = "#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c2" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/callouts/2.png" alt = "2" border = "0" > < / a > < / p > < / td >
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< td valign = "top" align = "left" > < p >
< code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_< / span > < / code > -type- can be used as a shortcut
for the more verbose < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_map< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < / code > -type-
< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
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< td width = "5%" valign = "top" align = "left" > < p > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c5" > < / a > < a href = "#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c4" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/callouts/3.png" alt = "3" border = "0" > < / a > < / p > < / td >
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< td valign = "top" align = "left" > < p >
This line produces the same effect of < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 3< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "three"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > );< / span > < / code >
< / p > < / td >
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< / tr >
< / table > < / div >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h5" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.the_right_map_view" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.the_right_map_view" > The
right map view< / a >
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< / h4 >
< p >
< code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < / code > works like a < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span >
< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > string< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code > . It
is important to note that the key is the first type and the data is the second
one, exactly as with standard maps.
< / p >
< p >
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right_const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > find< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "string" > "two"< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
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< span class = "comment" > // right_iter-> first : key : std::string< / span >
< span class = "comment" > // right_iter-> second : data : int< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > assert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right_iter< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > second< / span > < span class = "special" > ==< / span > < span class = "number" > 2< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > assert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > at< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "string" > "one"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > ==< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > erase< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "string" > "two"< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
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< a class = "co" name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c6" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c7" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/callouts/1.png" alt = "1" border = "0" > < / a > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right_value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "string" > "four"< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "number" > 4< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
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< / pre >
< p >
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< / p >
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< div class = "calloutlist" > < table border = "0" summary = "Callout list" > < tr >
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< td width = "5%" valign = "top" align = "left" > < p > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c7" > < / a > < a href = "#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.c6" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/callouts/1.png" alt = "1" border = "0" > < / a > < / p > < / td >
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< td valign = "top" align = "left" > < p >
This line produces the same effect of < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 4< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "four"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > );< / span > < / code >
< / p > < / td >
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< / tr > < / table > < / div >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h6" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.differences_with_std__map" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.differences_with_std__map" > Differences
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with std::map< / a >
< / h4 >
< p >
The main difference between bimap views and their standard containers counterparts
is that, because of the bidirectional nature of a bimap, the values stored
in it can not be modified directly using iterators. For example, when a < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code > iterator
is dereferenced the return type is < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > pair< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "keyword" > const< / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code > ,
so the following code is valid: < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > m< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > begin< / span > < span class = "special" > ()-> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > second< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > new_value< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span > < / code > .
However dereferencing a < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left_iterator< / span > < / code >
returns a type that is < span class = "emphasis" > < em > signature-compatible< / em > < / span > with a < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > pair< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "keyword" > const< / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "keyword" > const< / span > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code >
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > find< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > )-> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > second< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "string" > "1"< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span > < span class = "comment" > // Compilation error< / span >
< / pre >
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< p >
If you insert < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "one"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < / code > and < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "1"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < / code > in a < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > string< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code > the second insertion will have no effect.
In a < code class = "computeroutput" > < span class = "identifier" > bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > X< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > Y< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < / code > both keys have to remain unique. The insertion
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may fail in other situations too. Lets see an example
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< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > clear< / span > < span class = "special" > ();< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "one"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "1"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span > < span class = "comment" > // No effect!< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm_type< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > value_type< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 2< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > "one"< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span > < span class = "comment" > // No effect!< / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > assert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bm< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > size< / span > < span class = "special" > ()< / span > < span class = "special" > ==< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< / pre >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h7" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.a_simple_example" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.a_simple_example" > A
simple example< / a >
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< / h4 >
< p >
Look how you can reuse code that is intend to be used with std::maps, like
the print_map function in this example.
< / p >
< p >
< a href = "../../../example/simple_bimap.cpp" target = "_top" > Go to source code< / a >
< / p >
< p >
< / p >
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< pre class = "programlisting" > < span class = "preprocessor" > #include< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > string< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span >
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< span class = "preprocessor" > #include< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > iostream< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span >
< span class = "preprocessor" > #include< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > boost< / span > < span class = "special" > /< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > hpp< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span >
< span class = "keyword" > template< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "keyword" > class< / span > < span class = "identifier" > MapType< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span >
< span class = "keyword" > void< / span > < span class = "identifier" > print_map< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "keyword" > const< / span > < span class = "identifier" > MapType< / span > < span class = "special" > & < / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span >
< span class = "keyword" > const< / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > string< / span > < span class = "special" > & < / span > < span class = "identifier" > separator< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > ostream< / span > < span class = "special" > & < / span > < span class = "identifier" > os< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > {< / span >
< span class = "keyword" > typedef< / span > < span class = "keyword" > typename< / span > < span class = "identifier" > MapType< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > const_iterator< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "keyword" > for< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > const_iterator< / span > < span class = "identifier" > i< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > begin< / span > < span class = "special" > (),< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iend< / span > < span class = "special" > =< / span > < span class = "identifier" > map< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > end< / span > < span class = "special" > ();< / span > < span class = "identifier" > i< / span > < span class = "special" > !=< / span > < span class = "identifier" > iend< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span > < span class = "special" > ++< / span > < span class = "identifier" > i< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > {< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > os< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > i< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > first< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > separator< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > i< / span > < span class = "special" > -> < / span > < span class = "identifier" > second< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "special" > }< / span >
< span class = "special" > }< / span >
< span class = "keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "identifier" > main< / span > < span class = "special" > ()< / span >
< span class = "special" > {< / span >
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< span class = "comment" > // Soccer World cup< / span >
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< span class = "keyword" > typedef< / span > < span class = "identifier" > boost< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > string< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "special" > > < / span > < span class = "identifier" > results_bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "keyword" > typedef< / span > < span class = "identifier" > results_bimap< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > value_type< / span > < span class = "identifier" > position< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > results_bimap< / span > < span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > position< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "string" > "Argentina"< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > position< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "string" > "Spain"< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "number" > 2< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > position< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "string" > "Germany"< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "number" > 3< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > insert< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > position< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "string" > "France"< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "number" > 4< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > "The number of countries is "< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > size< / span > < span class = "special" > ()< / span >
< span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > "The winner is "< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > at< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "number" > 1< / span > < span class = "special" > )< / span >
< span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span >
< span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > "Countries names ordered by their final position:"< / span >
< span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "comment" > // results.right works like a std::map< int, std::string > < / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > print_map< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > right< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > ") "< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span >
< span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "string" > "Countries names ordered alphabetically along with"< / span >
< span class = "string" > "their final position:"< / span >
< span class = "special" > < < < / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > endl< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "comment" > // results.left works like a std::map< std::string, int > < / span >
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< span class = "identifier" > print_map< / span > < span class = "special" > (< / span > < span class = "identifier" > results< / span > < span class = "special" > .< / span > < span class = "identifier" > left< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "string" > " ends in position "< / span > < span class = "special" > ,< / span > < span class = "identifier" > std< / span > < span class = "special" > ::< / span > < span class = "identifier" > cout< / span > < span class = "special" > );< / span >
< span class = "keyword" > return< / span > < span class = "number" > 0< / span > < span class = "special" > ;< / span >
< span class = "special" > }< / span >
< / pre >
< p >
< / p >
< p >
The output of this program will be the following:
< / p >
< pre class = "programlisting" > < code class = "literal" > The number of countries is 4< / code >
< code class = "literal" > The winner is Argentina< / code >
< code class = "literal" > Countries names ordered by their final position:< / code >
< code class = "literal" > 1) Argentina< / code >
< code class = "literal" > 2) Spain< / code >
< code class = "literal" > 3) Germany< / code >
< code class = "literal" > 4) France< / code >
< code class = "literal" > Countries names ordered alphabetically along with their final position:< / code >
< code class = "literal" > Argentina ends in position 1< / code >
< code class = "literal" > France ends in position 4< / code >
< code class = "literal" > Germany ends in position 3< / code >
< code class = "literal" > Spain ends in position 2< / code >
< / pre >
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< h4 >
< a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.h8" > < / a >
< span class = "phrase" > < a name = "boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.continuing_the_journey" > < / a > < / span > < a class = "link" href = "one_minute_tutorial.html#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.continuing_the_journey" > Continuing
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the journey< / a >
< / h4 >
< p >
For information on function signatures, see any standard library documentation
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or read the < a class = "link" href = "reference.html" title = "Reference" > reference< / a > section
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of this documentation.
< / p >
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< div class = "caution" > < table border = "0" summary = "Caution" >
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< tr >
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< td rowspan = "2" align = "center" valign = "top" width = "25" > < img alt = "[Caution]" src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/caution.png" > < / td >
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< th align = "left" > Caution< / th >
< / tr >
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< tr > < td align = "left" valign = "top" > < p >
Be aware that a bidirectional map is only signature-compatible with standard
containers. Some functions may give different results, such as in the case
of inserting a pair into the left map where the second value conflicts with
a stored relation in the container. The functions may be slower in a bimap
because of the duplicated constraints. It is strongly recommended that you
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read < a class = "link" href = "the_tutorial.html" title = "The tutorial" > The full tutorial< / a > if
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you intend to use a bimap in a serious project.
< / p > < / td > < / tr >
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< / table > < / div >
< div class = "footnotes" >
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< br > < hr style = "width:100; align:left;" >
< div id = "ftn.boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.f0" class = "footnote" > < p > < a href = "#boost_bimap.one_minute_tutorial.f0" class = "para" > < sup class = "para" > [1] < / sup > < / a >
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A type is < span class = "emphasis" > < em > signature-compatible< / em > < / span > with other type if it
has the same signature for functions and metadata. Preconditions, postconditions
and the order of operations need not be the same.
< / p > < / div >
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< / div >
< / div >
< table xmlns:rev = "http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width = "100%" > < tr >
< td align = "left" > < / td >
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< td align = "right" > < div class = "copyright-footer" > Copyright © 2006-2012 Matias Capeletto< p >
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Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at < a href = "http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target = "_top" > http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt< / a > )
< / p >
< / div > < / td >
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< / tr > < / table >
< hr >
< div class = "spirit-nav" >
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< a accesskey = "p" href = "introduction.html" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt = "Prev" > < / a > < a accesskey = "u" href = "../index.html" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt = "Up" > < / a > < a accesskey = "h" href = "../index.html" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt = "Home" > < / a > < a accesskey = "n" href = "the_tutorial.html" > < img src = "../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt = "Next" > < / a >
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< / div >
< / body >
< / html >
