iostreams/doc/concepts/bidirectional_device.html
Jonathan Turkanis c0564c3c7c initial commitment
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2005-01-28 23:54:41 +00:00

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<H1 CLASS='title'>BidirectionalDevice</H1>
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<H2>Definition</H2>
<P>
An BidirectionalDevice is a <A HREF='device.html'>Device</A> whose <A HREF='../modes.html'>mode</A> refines <A HREF='../modes.html#bidirectional'>bidirectional</A>.
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<H2>Description</H2>
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An BidirectionalDevice provides read-access to a sequence of characters of a given type and write-access
to a separate sequence of characters of the same type. An BidirectionalDevice may expose these sequences in three ways:<A CLASS='footnote_ref' NAME='note_1_ref' HREF='#note_1'><SUP>[1]</SUP></A>
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by defining member functions <CODE>read</CODE> and <CODE>write</CODE> , invoked indirectly by the Iostreams Library through the functions <A HREF='../functions/read.html'><CODE>boost::iostreams::read</CODE></A> and <A HREF='../functions/write.html'><CODE>boost::iostreams::write</CODE></A>;
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by overloading or specializing <A HREF='../functions/read.html'><CODE>boost::iostreams::read</CODE></A> and <A HREF='../functions/write.html'><CODE>boost::iostreams::write</CODE></A>; or
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by defining member functions <CODE>input_sequence</CODE> and <CODE>output_sequence</CODE> returning pairs of pointers delimiting the two sequences in their entirety.
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<P>The mode of an BidirectionalDevice is <A HREF='../modes.html#bidirectional'>bidirectional</A> or <A HREF='../modes.html#bidirectional_seekable'>bidirectional-seekable</A>.</P>
<H2>Example</H2>
<P>A model of BidirectionalDevice can be defined as follows:</P>
<PRE CLASS='broken_ie'><SPAN CLASS="keyword">struct</SPAN> BidirectionalDevice {
<SPAN CLASS="keyword">typedef</SPAN> <SPAN CLASS="keyword">char</SPAN> char_type;
<SPAN CLASS="keyword">typedef</SPAN> bidirectional_device_tag category;
std::streamsize read(<SPAN CLASS="keyword">char</SPAN>* s, std::streamsize n)
{
<SPAN CLASS='comment'>// Reads up to n characters from the input
// sequence into the buffer s, returning the number
// of characters read. Returning a value less than n
// indicates end-of-sequence.</SPAN>
}
<SPAN CLASS="keyword">void</SPAN> write(<SPAN CLASS="keyword">const</SPAN> <SPAN CLASS="keyword">char</SPAN>* s, std::streamsize n)
{
<SPAN CLASS='comment'>// Writes n characters from the buffer s to the
// output sequence.</SPAN>
}
};</PRE>
<P>
Here <CODE>category</CODE> is a tag <CODE>struct</CODE> identifying the containing type as a model of BidirectionalDevice. When defining a new BidirectionalDevice, it suffices to use the tag <CODE>bidirectional_device_tag</CODE>. One can also derive from the helper classes <A HREF='../classes/device.html'><CODE>device&lt;bidirectional&gt;</CODE></A> or <A HREF='../classes/device.html#wdevice'><CODE>wdevice&lt;bidirectional&gt;</CODE></A>.
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<H2>Refinement of</H2>
<P><A HREF='source.html'>Source</A>, <A HREF='sink.html'>Sink</A>.</P>
<H2>Associated Types</H2>
<P>Same as <A HREF='device.html#types'>Device</A>, with the following additional requirements:</P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING='5' BORDER='1'>
<TR><TD>Category</TD><TD>A type convertible to <A HREF="../io_traits.html#category_tags">device_tag</A> and to <A HREF="../modes.html#mode_tags"><CODE>bidirectional</CODE></A></TD></TR>
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<H2>Notation</H2>
<TABLE CELLPADDING='2'>
<TR><TD><CODE>D</CODE></TD><TD>- A type which is a model of BidirectionalDevice</TD></TR>
<TR><TD><CODE>Ch</CODE></TD><TD>- The character type of <CODE>D</CODE></TD></TR>
<TR><TD><CODE>dev</CODE></TD><TD>- Object of type <CODE>D</CODE></TD></TR>
<TR><TD><CODE>s1</CODE></TD><TD>- Object of type <CODE>Ch*</CODE></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR><TD><CODE>s2</CODE></TD><TD>- Object of type <CODE>const Ch*</CODE></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR><TD><CODE>n</CODE></TD><TD>- Object of type <CODE>std::streamsize</CODE></TD></TR>
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<H2>Valid Expressions / Semantics</H2>
<P>Same as <A HREF='device.html#types'>Device</A>, with the following additional requirements:</P>
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<TR><TH>Expression</TH><TH>Expression Type</TH><TH>Category Precondition</TH><TH>Semantics</TH></TR>
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<TD><PRE CLASS='plain_code'><CODE><A HREF='../functions/read.html'>boost::iostreams::read</A>(dev, s1, n)</CODE></PRE></TD>
<TD><CODE>std::streamsize</CODE></TD>
<TD ROWSPAN='2'>Not convertible to <A HREF="direct.html"><CODE>direct_tag</CODE></A></TD>
<TD>
Reads up to <CODE>n</CODE> characters from the input sequence controlled by <CODE>dev</CODE> into <CODE>s1</CODE>, returning the number of characters read; returning a value less than n indicates end-of-sequence
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<TD><PRE CLASS='plain_code'><CODE><A HREF='../functions/write.html'>boost::iostreams::write</A>(dev, s2, n)</CODE></PRE></TD>
<TD><CODE>void</CODE></TD>
<TD>
Writes <CODE>n</CODE> characters from the sequence beginning at <CODE>s2</CODE> to the output sequence controlled by <CODE>dev</CODE>
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<TD><PRE CLASS='plain_code'><CODE>dev.input_sequence()</CODE></PRE></TD>
<TD><PRE CLASS='plain_code'><CODE>std::pair&lt;Ch*,Ch*&gt;</CODE></PRE></TD>
<TD ROWSPAN='2'>Convertible to <A HREF="direct.html"><CODE>direct_tag</CODE></A></TD>
<TD>Returns a pair of pointers delimiting the input sequence controlled by <CODE>dev</CODE></TD>
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<TD><PRE CLASS='plain_code'><CODE>dev.output_sequence()</CODE></PRE></TD>
<TD><PRE CLASS='plain_code'><CODE>std::pair&lt;Ch*,Ch*&gt;</CODE></PRE></TD>
<TD>Returns a pair of pointers delimiting the output sequence controlled by <CODE>dev</CODE></TD>
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<H2>Exceptions</H2>
<P>
Errors which occur during the execution of member functions <CODE>read</CODE>, <CODE>write</CODE>, <CODE>input_sequence</CODE> or <CODE>output_sequence</CODE> are indicated by throwing exceptions. Reaching the end of the input sequence is not an error, but attempting to write past the end of the output sequence is.
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<P>
After an exception is thrown, an BidirectionalDevice must be in a consistent state; further i/o operations may throw exceptions but must have well-defined behaviour.
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<H2>Models</H2>
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<P>
<A CLASS='footnote_ref' NAME='note_1' HREF='#note_1_ref'><SUP>[1]</SUP></A>Strictly speaking, (i) and (ii) can be varied independently for input and output, so there are actually five possibilities.
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<P CLASS='copyright'>Revised
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20 May, 2004
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<P CLASS='copyright'>&copy; Copyright Jonathan Turkanis, 2004</P>
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Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <A HREF='http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt'>http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</A>)
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