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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="math_toolkit.double_exponential.de_overview"></a><a class="link" href="de_overview.html" title="Overview">Overview</a>
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</h3></div></div></div>
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<h5>
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<a name="math_toolkit.double_exponential.de_overview.h0"></a>
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<span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.double_exponential.de_overview.synopsis"></a></span><a class="link" href="de_overview.html#math_toolkit.double_exponential.de_overview.synopsis">Synopsis</a>
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</h5>
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<pre class="programlisting"> <span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">quadrature</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">tanh_sinh</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">quadrature</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">exp_sinh</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">quadrature</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">sinh_sinh</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">{</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">tanh_sinh</span>
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<span class="special">{</span>
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<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
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<span class="identifier">tanh_sinh</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">size_t</span> <span class="identifier">max_refinements</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">15</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">min_complement</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">min_value</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>()</span> <span class="special">*</span> <span class="number">4</span><span class="special">)</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">auto</span> <span class="identifier">integrate</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">F</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span> <span class="identifier">tolerance</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">root_epsilon</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>(),</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">error</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">L1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">size_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">levels</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">)-></span><span class="keyword">decltype</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">>()(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>()))</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">auto</span> <span class="identifier">integrate</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">F</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span>
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<span class="identifier">tolerance</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">root_epsilon</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>(),</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">error</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">L1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">size_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">levels</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">)-></span><span class="keyword">decltype</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">>()(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>()))</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="special">};</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">exp_sinh</span>
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<span class="special">{</span>
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<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
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<span class="identifier">exp_sinh</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">size_t</span> <span class="identifier">max_refinements</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">9</span><span class="special">);</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">auto</span> <span class="identifier">integrate</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">F</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span> <span class="identifier">tol</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">sqrt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">epsilon</span><span class="special">()),</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">error</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">L1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">size_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">levels</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">)-></span><span class="keyword">decltype</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">>()(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>()))</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">auto</span> <span class="identifier">integrate</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">F</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span> <span class="identifier">tol</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">sqrt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">epsilon</span><span class="special">()),</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">error</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">L1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">size_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">levels</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">)-></span><span class="keyword">decltype</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">>()(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>()))</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="special">};</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">sinh_sinh</span>
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<span class="special">{</span>
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<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
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<span class="identifier">sinh_sinh</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">size_t</span> <span class="identifier">max_refinements</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">9</span><span class="special">);</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">auto</span> <span class="identifier">integrate</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">F</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span> <span class="identifier">tol</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">sqrt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">epsilon</span><span class="special">()),</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">error</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">L1</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">,</span>
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<span class="identifier">size_t</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">levels</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">)-></span><span class="keyword">decltype</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">F</span><span class="special">>()(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">declval</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Real</span><span class="special">>()))</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="special">};</span>
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<span class="special">}}</span>
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</pre>
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<p>
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These three integration routines provide robust general purpose quadrature,
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each having a "native" range over which quadrature is performed.
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For example, the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">sinh_sinh</span></code>
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quadrature integrates over the entire real line, the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">tanh_sinh</span></code>
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over (-1, 1), and the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">exp_sinh</span></code>
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over (0, ∞). The latter integrators also have auxilliary ranges which are
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handled via a change of variables on the function being integrated, so that
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the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">tanh_sinh</span></code> can handle
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integration over <span class="emphasis"><em>(a, b)</em></span>, and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">exp_sinh</span></code>
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over /(a, ∞) and(-∞, b)/.
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</p>
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<p>
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Like the other quadrature routines in Boost, these routines support both
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real and complex-valued integrands.
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</p>
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<p>
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The <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">integrate</span></code> methods which
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do not specify a range always integrate over the native range of the method,
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and generally are the most efficient and produce the smallest code, on the
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other hand the methods which do specify the bounds of integration are the
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most general, and use argument transformations which are generally very robust.
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The following table summarizes the ranges supported by each method:
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</p>
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<div class="informaltable"><table class="table">
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<colgroup>
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<col>
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<col>
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<col>
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<col>
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</colgroup>
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<thead><tr>
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<th>
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<p>
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Integrator
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</p>
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</th>
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<th>
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<p>
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Native range
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</p>
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</th>
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<th>
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<p>
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Other supported ranges
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</p>
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</th>
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<th>
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<p>
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Comments
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</p>
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</th>
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</tr></thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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tanh_sinh
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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(-1,1)
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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(a,b)<br> (a,∞)<br> (-∞,b)<br> (-∞,∞)
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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Special care is taken for endpoints at or near zero to ensure that
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abscissa values are calculated without the loss of precision that
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would normally occur. Likewise when transforming to an infinite
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endpoint, the additional information which tanh_sinh has internally
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on abscissa values is used to ensure no loss of precision during
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the transformation.
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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exp_sinh
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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(0,∞)
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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(a,∞)<br> (-∞,0)<br> (-∞,b)
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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sinh_sinh
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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(-∞,∞)
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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</td>
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<td>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table></div>
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</div>
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<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
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<td align="left"></td>
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<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2006-2019 Nikhar
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Agrawal, Anton Bikineev, Paul A. Bristow, Marco Guazzone, Christopher Kormanyos,
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Hubert Holin, Bruno Lalande, John Maddock, Jeremy Murphy, Matthew Pulver, Johan
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Råde, Gautam Sewani, Benjamin Sobotta, Nicholas Thompson, Thijs van den Berg,
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Daryle Walker and Xiaogang Zhang<p>
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Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
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file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
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</p>
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</div></td>
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</tr></table>
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<hr>
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