27 KiB
Townforge
Copyright (c) 2019-2020 Crypto City
Copyright (c) 2014-2020 The Monero Project.
Portions Copyright (c) 2012-2013 The Cryptonote developers.
Table of Contents
- Development resources
- Vulnerability response
- Introduction
- License
- Contributing
- Compiling Townforge from source
- Internationalization
- Using Tor
- Debugging
- Merge mining
- Known issues
Development resources
- Web: www.townforge.net
- GitHub: https://git.townforge.net/townforge/townforge
- Forum: forum.townforge.net
- IRC: ##townforge on Freenode
Vulnerability response
- If in Monero, refer to the Monero Vulnerability Response Process
- Otherwise, contact moneromooo on Freenode IRC.
Introduction
Townforge is a blockchain based game based on the Monero source. Buy land, create buildings and research new technologies.
License
See LICENSE.
Contributing
If you want to help out, see CONTRIBUTING for a set of guidelines.
Compiling Townforge from source
Dependencies
The following table summarizes the tools and libraries required to build. A
few of the libraries are also included in this repository (marked as
"Vendored"). By default, the build uses the library installed on the system,
and ignores the vendored sources. However, if no library is found installed on
the system, then the vendored source will be built and used. The vendored
sources are also used for statically-linked builds because distribution
packages often include only shared library binaries (.so
) but not static
library archives (.a
).
Dep | Min. version | Vendored | Debian/Ubuntu pkg | Arch pkg | Void pkg | Fedora pkg | Optional | Purpose |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GCC | 4.7.3 | NO | build-essential |
base-devel |
base-devel |
gcc |
NO | |
CMake | 3.5 | NO | cmake |
cmake |
cmake |
cmake |
NO | |
pkg-config | any | NO | pkg-config |
base-devel |
base-devel |
pkgconf |
NO | |
OpenSSL | basically any | NO | libssl-dev |
openssl |
libressl-devel |
openssl-devel |
NO | sha256 sum |
libzmq | 3.0.0 | NO | libzmq3-dev |
zeromq |
zeromq-devel |
zeromq-devel |
NO | ZeroMQ library |
OpenPGM | ? | NO | libpgm-dev |
libpgm |
openpgm-devel |
NO | For ZeroMQ | |
libnorm[2] | ? | NO | libnorm-dev |
YES | For ZeroMQ | |||
libunbound | 1.4.16 | YES | libunbound-dev |
unbound |
unbound-devel |
unbound-devel |
NO | DNS resolver |
libsodium | ? | NO | libsodium-dev |
libsodium |
libsodium-devel |
libsodium-devel |
NO | cryptography |
libunwind | any | NO | libunwind8-dev |
libunwind |
libunwind-devel |
libunwind-devel |
YES | Stack traces |
liblzma | any | NO | liblzma-dev |
xz |
liblzma-devel |
xz-devel |
YES | For libunwind |
libreadline | 6.3.0 | NO | libreadline6-dev |
readline |
readline-devel |
readline-devel |
YES | Input editing |
ldns | 1.6.17 | NO | libldns-dev |
ldns |
libldns-devel |
ldns-devel |
YES | SSL toolkit |
expat | 1.1 | NO | libexpat1-dev |
expat |
expat-devel |
expat-devel |
YES | XML parsing |
GTest | 1.5 | YES | libgtest-dev [1] |
gtest |
gtest-devel |
gtest-devel |
YES | Test suite |
Doxygen | any | NO | doxygen |
doxygen |
doxygen |
doxygen |
YES | Documentation |
Graphviz | any | NO | graphviz |
graphviz |
graphviz |
graphviz |
YES | Documentation |
lrelease | ? | NO | qttools5-dev-tools |
qt5-tools |
qt5-tools |
qt5-linguist |
YES | Translations |
libhidapi | ? | NO | libhidapi-dev |
hidapi |
hidapi-devel |
hidapi-devel |
YES | Hardware wallet |
libusb | ? | NO | libusb-dev |
libusb |
libusb-devel |
libusb-devel |
YES | Hardware wallet |
libprotobuf | ? | NO | libprotobuf-dev |
protobuf |
protobuf-devel |
protobuf-devel |
YES | Hardware wallet |
protoc | ? | NO | protobuf-compiler |
protobuf |
protobuf |
protobuf-compiler |
YES | Hardware wallet |
OpenGL[3] | ? | NO | NO | Graphics API |
[1] On Debian/Ubuntu libgtest-dev
only includes sources and headers. You must
build the library binary manually. This can be done with the following command sudo apt-get install libgtest-dev && cd /usr/src/gtest && sudo cmake . && sudo make && sudo mv libg* /usr/lib/
[2] libnorm-dev is needed if your zmq library was built with libnorm, and not needed otherwise
[3] An OpenGL implementation may be available from your graphics card vendor, or a software implementation exists: MESA
Install all dependencies at once on Debian/Ubuntu:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install build-essential cmake pkg-config libssl-dev libzmq3-dev libunbound-dev libsodium-dev libunwind8-dev liblzma-dev libreadline6-dev libldns-dev libexpat1-dev doxygen graphviz libpgm-dev qttools5-dev-tools libhidapi-dev libusb-dev libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler libxinerama-dev libxrender-dev libxext-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xinput
Install all dependencies at once on macOS with the provided Brewfile:
brew update && brew bundle --file=contrib/brew/Brewfile
FreeBSD one liner for required to build dependencies
pkg install git gmake cmake pkgconf libzmq libsodium
Cloning the repository
Clone recursively to pull-in needed submodule(s):
$ git clone --recursive https://git.townforge.net/townforge/townforge
If you already have a repo cloned, initialize and update:
$ cd townforge && git submodule init && git submodule update
Build instructions
Townforge uses the CMake build system and a top-level Makefile that invokes cmake commands as needed.
On Linux and macOS
-
Install the dependencies
-
Change to the root of the source code directory, change to the most recent release branch, and build:
cd townforge git checkout release-v0.16 make
Optional: If your machine has several cores and enough memory, enable parallel build by running
make -j<number of threads>
instead ofmake
. For this to be worthwhile, the machine should have one core and about 2GB of RAM available per thread.Note: The instructions above will compile the most stable release of the Townforge software. If you would like to use and test the most recent software, use
git checkout master
. The master branch may contain updates that are both unstable and incompatible with release software, though testing is always encouraged. -
The resulting executables can be found in
build/release/bin
-
Add
PATH="$PATH:$HOME/townforge/build/release/bin"
to.profile
-
Run the Townforge daemon with
townforged --detach
-
Optional: build and run the test suite to verify the binaries:
make release-test
NOTE:
core_tests
test may take a few hours to complete. -
Optional: to build binaries suitable for debugging:
make debug
-
Optional: to build statically-linked binaries:
make release-static
Dependencies need to be built with -fPIC. Static libraries usually aren't, so you may have to build them yourself with -fPIC. Refer to their documentation for how to build them.
-
Optional: build documentation in
doc/html
(omitHAVE_DOT=YES
ifgraphviz
is not installed):HAVE_DOT=YES doxygen Doxyfile
On Windows:
Binaries for Windows are built on Windows using the MinGW toolchain within MSYS2 environment. The MSYS2 environment emulates a POSIX system. The toolchain runs within the environment and cross-compiles binaries that can run outside of the environment as a regular Windows application.
Preparing the build environment
-
Download and install the MSYS2 installer, either the 64-bit or the 32-bit package, depending on your system.
-
Open the MSYS shell via the
MSYS2 Shell
shortcut -
Update packages using pacman:
pacman -Syu
-
Exit the MSYS shell using Alt+F4
-
Edit the properties for the
MSYS2 Shell
shortcut changing "msys2_shell.bat" to "msys2_shell.cmd -mingw64" for 64-bit builds or "msys2_shell.cmd -mingw32" for 32-bit builds -
Restart MSYS shell via modified shortcut and update packages again using pacman:
pacman -Syu
-
Install dependencies:
To build for 64-bit Windows:
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain make mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake mingw-w64-x86_64-boost mingw-w64-x86_64-openssl mingw-w64-x86_64-zeromq mingw-w64-x86_64-libsodium mingw-w64-x86_64-hidapi
To build for 32-bit Windows:
pacman -S mingw-w64-i686-toolchain make mingw-w64-i686-cmake mingw-w64-i686-boost mingw-w64-i686-openssl mingw-w64-i686-zeromq mingw-w64-i686-libsodium mingw-w64-i686-hidapi
-
Open the MingW shell via
MinGW-w64-Win64 Shell
shortcut on 64-bit Windows orMinGW-w64-Win64 Shell
shortcut on 32-bit Windows. Note that if you are running 64-bit Windows, you will have both 64-bit and 32-bit MinGW shells.
Cloning
-
To git clone, run:
git clone --recursive https://git.townforge.net/townforge/townforge
Building
-
Change to the cloned directory, run:
cd townforge
-
If you would like a specific version/tag, do a git checkout for that version. eg. 'v0.23.1.4'. If you don't care about the version and just want binaries from master, skip this step:
git checkout v0.23.1.4
-
If you are on a 64-bit system, run:
make release-static-win64
-
If you are on a 32-bit system, run:
make release-static-win32
-
The resulting executables can be found in
build/release/bin
-
Optional: to build Windows binaries suitable for debugging on a 64-bit system, run:
make debug-static-win64
-
Optional: to build Windows binaries suitable for debugging on a 32-bit system, run:
make debug-static-win32
-
The resulting executables can be found in
build/debug/bin
On FreeBSD:
The project can be built from scratch by following instructions for Linux above(but use gmake
instead of make
).
If you are running townforged in a jail you need to add sysvmem="new"
to your jail configuration, otherwise lmdb will throw the error message: Failed to open lmdb environment: Function not implemented
.
On OpenBSD:
You will need to add a few packages to your system. pkg_add cmake gmake zeromq libiconv boost
.
The doxygen
and graphviz
packages are optional and require the xbase set.
Running the test suite also requires py-requests
package.
Build townforge: env DEVELOPER_LOCAL_TOOLS=1 BOOST_ROOT=/usr/local gmake release-static
Note: you may encounter the following error, when compiling the latest version of townforge as a normal user:
LLVM ERROR: out of memory
c++: error: unable to execute command: Abort trap (core dumped)
Then you need to increase the data ulimit size to 2GB and try again: ulimit -d 2000000
On Solaris:
The default Solaris linker can't be used, you have to install GNU ld, then run cmake manually with the path to your copy of GNU ld:
mkdir -p build/release
cd build/release
cmake -DCMAKE_LINKER=/path/to/ld -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ../..
cd ../..
Then you can run make as usual.
On Linux for Android (using docker):
# Build image (for ARM 32-bit)
docker build -f utils/build_scripts/android32.Dockerfile -t townforge-android .
# Build image (for ARM 64-bit)
docker build -f utils/build_scripts/android64.Dockerfile -t townforge-android .
# Create container
docker create -it --name townforge-android townforge-android bash
# Get binaries
docker cp townforge-android:/src/build/release/bin .
Building portable statically linked binaries
By default, in either dynamically or statically linked builds, binaries target the specific host processor on which the build happens and are not portable to other processors. Portable binaries can be built using the following targets:
make release-static-linux-x86_64
builds binaries on Linux on x86_64 portable across POSIX systems on x86_64 processorsmake release-static-linux-i686
builds binaries on Linux on x86_64 or i686 portable across POSIX systems on i686 processorsmake release-static-linux-armv8
builds binaries on Linux portable across POSIX systems on armv8 processorsmake release-static-linux-armv7
builds binaries on Linux portable across POSIX systems on armv7 processorsmake release-static-linux-armv6
builds binaries on Linux portable across POSIX systems on armv6 processorsmake release-static-win64
builds binaries on 64-bit Windows portable across 64-bit Windows systemsmake release-static-win32
builds binaries on 64-bit or 32-bit Windows portable across 32-bit Windows systems
Cross Compiling
You can also cross-compile static binaries on Linux for Windows and macOS with the depends
system.
make depends target=x86_64-linux-gnu
for 64-bit linux binaries.make depends target=x86_64-w64-mingw32
for 64-bit windows binaries.- Requires:
python3 g++-mingw-w64-x86-64 wine1.6 bc
- Requires:
make depends target=x86_64-apple-darwin11
for macOS binaries.- Requires:
cmake imagemagick libcap-dev librsvg2-bin libz-dev libbz2-dev libtiff-tools python-dev
- Requires:
make depends target=i686-linux-gnu
for 32-bit linux binaries.- Requires:
g++-multilib bc
- Requires:
make depends target=i686-w64-mingw32
for 32-bit windows binaries.- Requires:
python3 g++-mingw-w64-i686
- Requires:
make depends target=arm-linux-gnueabihf
for armv7 binaries.- Requires:
g++-arm-linux-gnueabihf
- Requires:
make depends target=aarch64-linux-gnu
for armv8 binaries.- Requires:
g++-aarch64-linux-gnu
- Requires:
make depends target=riscv64-linux-gnu
for RISC V 64 bit binaries.- Requires:
g++-riscv64-linux-gnu
- Requires:
make depends target=x86_64-unknown-freebsd
for freebsd binaries.- Requires:
clang-8
- Requires:
make depends target=arm-linux-android
for 32bit android binariesmake depends target=aarch64-linux-android
for 64bit android binaries
The required packages are the names for each toolchain on apt. Depending on your distro, they may have different names.
Using depends
might also be easier to compile Townforge on Windows than using MSYS. Activate Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) with a distro (for example Ubuntu), install the apt build-essentials and follow the depends
steps as depicted above.
The produced binaries still link libc dynamically. If the binary is compiled on a current distribution, it might not run on an older distribution with an older installation of libc. Passing -DBACKCOMPAT=ON
to cmake will make sure that the binary will run on systems having at least libc version 2.17.
Installing Townforge with Docker
-
Docker
# Build using all available cores docker build -t townforge . # or build using a specific number of cores (reduce RAM requirement) docker build --build-arg NPROC=1 -t townforge . # either run in foreground docker run -it -v /townforge/chain:/root/.townforge -v /townforge/wallet:/wallet -p 18880:18880 townforge # or in background docker run -it -d -v /townforge/chain:/root/.townforge -v /townforge/wallet:/wallet -p 18880:18880 townforge
-
The build needs 3 GB space.
-
Wait one hour or more
Packaging for your favorite distribution would be a welcome contribution!
Running townforged
The build places the binary in bin/
sub-directory within the build directory
from which cmake was invoked (repository root by default). To run in
foreground:
./bin/townforged
To list all available options, run ./bin/townforged --help
. Options can be
specified either on the command line or in a configuration file passed by the
--config-file
argument. To specify an option in the configuration file, add
a line with the syntax argumentname=value
, where argumentname
is the name
of the argument without the leading dashes, for example log-level=1
.
To run in background:
./bin/townforged --log-file townforged.log --detach
To run as a systemd service, copy
townforged.service to /etc/systemd/system/
and
townforged.conf to /etc/
. The example
service assumes that the user townforge
exists
and its home is the data directory specified in the example
config.
If you're on Mac, you may need to add the --max-concurrency 1
option to
townforge-wallet-cli, and possibly townforged, if you get crashes refreshing.
running the game
./bin/townforge
Internationalization
See README.i18n.md.
Using Tor
There is a new, still experimental, integration with Tor. The feature allows connecting over IPv4 and Tor simulatenously - IPv4 is used for relaying blocks and relaying transactions received by peers whereas Tor is used solely for relaying transactions received over local RPC. This provides privacy and better protection against surrounding node (sybil) attacks.
While Townforge isn't made to integrate with Tor, it can be used wrapped with torsocks, by setting the following configuration parameters and environment variables:
--p2p-bind-ip 127.0.0.1
on the command line orp2p-bind-ip=127.0.0.1
in townforged.conf to disable listening for connections on external interfaces.--no-igd
on the command line orno-igd=1
in townforged.conf to disable IGD (UPnP port forwarding negotiation), which is pointless with Tor.DNS_PUBLIC=tcp
orDNS_PUBLIC=tcp://x.x.x.x
where x.x.x.x is the IP of the desired DNS server, for DNS requests to go over TCP, so that they are routed through Tor. When IP is not specified, townforged uses the default list of servers defined in src/common/dns_utils.cpp.TORSOCKS_ALLOW_INBOUND=1
to tell torsocks to allow townforged to bind to interfaces to accept connections from the wallet. On some Linux systems, torsocks allows binding to localhost by default, so setting this variable is only necessary to allow binding to local LAN/VPN interfaces to allow wallets to connect from remote hosts. On other systems, it may be needed for local wallets as well.- Do NOT pass
--detach
when running through torsocks with systemd, (see utils/systemd/townforged.service for details). - If you use the wallet with a Tor daemon via the loopback IP (eg, 127.0.0.1:9050),
then use
--untrusted-daemon
unless it is your own hidden service.
Example command line to start townforged through Tor:
DNS_PUBLIC=tcp torsocks townforged --p2p-bind-ip 127.0.0.1 --no-igd
Using Tor on Tails
TAILS ships with a very restrictive set of firewall rules. Therefore, you need to add a rule to allow this connection too, in addition to telling torsocks to allow inbound connections. Full example:
sudo iptables -I OUTPUT 2 -p tcp -d 127.0.0.1 -m tcp --dport 18881 -j ACCEPT
DNS_PUBLIC=tcp torsocks ./townforged --p2p-bind-ip 127.0.0.1 --no-igd --rpc-bind-ip 127.0.0.1 \
--data-dir /home/amnesia/Persistent/your/directory/to/the/blockchain
Debugging
This section contains general instructions for debugging failed installs or problems encountered with Townforge. First, ensure you are running the latest version built from the git repo.
Obtaining stack traces and core dumps on Unix systems
We generally use the tool gdb
(GNU debugger) to provide stack trace functionality, and ulimit
to provide core dumps in builds which crash or segfault.
- To use
gdb
in order to obtain a stack trace for a build that has stalled:
Run the build.
Once it stalls, enter the following command:
gdb /path/to/townforged `pidof townforged`
Type thread apply all bt
within gdb in order to obtain the stack trace
- If however the core dumps or segfaults:
Enter ulimit -c unlimited
on the command line to enable unlimited filesizes for core dumps
Enter echo core | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
to stop cores from being hijacked by other tools
Run the build.
When it terminates with an output along the lines of "Segmentation fault (core dumped)", there should be a core dump file in the same directory as townforged. It may be named just core
, or core.xxxx
with numbers appended.
You can now analyse this core dump with gdb
as follows:
gdb /path/to/townforged /path/to/dumpfile`
Print the stack trace with bt
- If a program crashed and cores are managed by systemd, the following can also get a stack trace for that crash:
coredumpctl -1 gdb
To run townforge within gdb:
Type gdb /path/to/townforged
Pass command-line options with --args
followed by the relevant arguments
Type run
to run townforged
Analysing memory corruption
There are two tools available:
ASAN
Configure Townforge with the -D SANITIZE=ON cmake flag, eg:
cd build/debug && cmake -D SANITIZE=ON -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ../..
You can then run the townforge tools normally. Performance will typically halve.
valgrind
Install valgrind and run as valgrind /path/to/townforged
. It will be very slow.
LMDB
Instructions for debugging suspected blockchain corruption as per @HYC
There is an mdb_stat
command in the LMDB source that can print statistics about the database but it's not routinely built. This can be built with the following command:
cd ~/townforge/external/db_drivers/liblmdb && make
The output of mdb_stat -ea <path to blockchain dir>
will indicate inconsistencies in the blocks, block_heights and block_info table.
The output of mdb_dump -s blocks <path to blockchain dir>
and mdb_dump -s block_info <path to blockchain dir>
is useful for indicating whether blocks and block_info contain the same keys.
These records are dumped as hex data, where the first line is the key and the second line is the data.
Merge mining
Townforge can be merge mined with Monero. Merge mining is a way to mine two blockchains with the same proof of work algorithm at the same time without using extra hash power. It benefits both chains, since each ends up protected by the work done for the other as well as the work done for itself.
Merge mining Townforge is very simple, thanks to a proxy server (townforge-merge-mining-proxy) which does all the nitty gritty transparently: this proxy acts like a Monero daemon, proxying RPC to the real Monero daemon, and also connects to a Townforge daemon so it can update the Monero block templates to allow merge mining. The downstream miner does not need to know about the changes and can mine as usual.
Consider a setup where xmrig is being used to mine Monero:
monerod --rpc-bind-port 18081
xmrig --coin monero --url 127.0.0.1:18081 --daemon --user 4....
Merge mining needs the Townforge daemon to run, and the Townforge merge mining proxy to connect both daemons. xmrig can then mine to the proxy:
monerod --rpc-bind-port 18083
townforged --rpc-bind-port 18881
townforge-merge-mining-proxy --rpc-bind-port 18081 --monero-daemon-address 127.0.0.1:18083 --aux-daemon-address 127.0.0.1:18881 --aux-wallet-address TF1....
xmrig --coin monero --url 127.0.0.1:18081 --daemon --user 4....
Here, xmrig will talk to the proxy, which is configured to merge mining Townforge to the address TF1.... Note how the xmrig command line did not change.
Known Issues
Protocols
Socket-based
Because of the nature of the socket-based protocols that drive townforge, certain protocol weaknesses are somewhat unavoidable at this time. While these weaknesses can theoretically be fully mitigated, the effort required (the means) may not justify the ends. As such, please consider taking the following precautions if you are a townforge node operator:
- Run
townforged
on a "secured" machine. If operational security is not your forte, at a very minimum, have a dedicated a computer runningtownforged
and do not browse the web, use email clients, or use any other potentially harmful apps on yourtownforged
machine. Do not click links or load URL/MUA content on the same machine. Doing so may potentially exploit weaknesses in commands which accept "localhost" and "127.0.0.1". - If you plan on hosting a public "remote" node, start
townforged
with--restricted-rpc
. This is a must.
Blockchain-based
Certain blockchain "features" can be considered "bugs" if misused correctly. Consequently, please consider the following:
- When receiving monero curtency, be aware that it may be locked for an arbitrary time if the sender elected to, preventing you from spending that currency until the lock time expires. You may want to hold off acting upon such a transaction until the unlock time lapses. To get a sense of that time, you can consider the remaining blocktime until unlock as seen in the
show_transfers
command.